Комментарии: PAT *mǝʒ́V (cf. also Bzyb. a-mʒ́ǝ-r-χǝ́ 'yard'; the Abkh. form is a compound with *qa / *qǝ 'head, front'; the Abaz. form contains a singulative suffix); PAK *názǝ.
Comparing the PAK form with PAT *mǝʒ́V seems to us better than comparing to Abaz. šanǝza 'edge' (see Shagirov 1), because the morphological analysis of the latter form is unclear (despite Shagirov, PAT *ǯʷanǝza 'spleen' is historically a single root and does not contain the same hypothetical element *-nǝza). Initial n- in the PAK form may be due to fronting assimilation (before a dental -z-).
The correspondence PAT *ʒ́ : PAK *z points to PWC *ʒ́ or *ǯ; the former is preferable in view of the external evidence.
Комментарии: PAK *nǝ-jap:a / *nǝ-wap:a. The element *nǝ- is present in several compounds: Kab. nǝ-ǯǝ 'now', na-ʁā-ba 'last year'; Ad. nǝ-č́apa, Kab. nǝ-žaba 'tonight, this night', Kab. nǝ-šadiba 'this morning', Ad. nǝ-pč́ħāpa, Kab. nǝ-śħaba 'this evening', Ad. ne-wǝš́ 'tomorrow' (see Shagirov 1, 276, 283, 288-289). The original meaning is 'now', 'this (time)', as seen both from the compounds and from the external evidence.
Комментарии: The Ub. form corresponds to PAK quite regularly, and there are no reasons to suppose a loan (despite Shagirov 1977). Judging from the external evidence, the root must have originally meant "a two-year-old ram, a grown-up ram".
Комментарии: PAK *nǝq:ʷá. The inner morphological analysis proposed by Shagirov (1, 286: nǝ- = -na in *š́a-ná 'one third', *ṗƛ̣a-ná 'one fourth' etc., -q:ʷa - component meaning "not quite, a little") is very dubious.
Комментарии: PAK *nǝsá. Shagirov 1, 288 supposes that the Ub. form is borrowed from Adygh (PAK *nǝsá-ʁʷǝ 'sister-in-law'); but this supposition does not explain loss of labialisation in Ub. It seems more probable that the Ub. and AK forms are genetically related. Despite Abdokov 1973, 62 the AK and Ub. words can not be related to Abkh. aca, Abaz. taca, Ub. śaśa 'bride, daughter-in-law' (see Shagirov ibid.).
The Adygh forms were borrowed in Osset. (Dig.) nissä 'lady', Chan. nisaʁa,nusaʁa 'two daughters-in-law'. The latter form (undoubtedly borrowed < PAK *nǝsaʁʷǝ) makes it probable that other scattered Kartvelian forms (Georg. nusa-dia 'sister-in-law', Megr. nosa,nisa, Chan. nusa,nisa 'daughter-in-law') also have a WC origin.
